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Líne 176: |
Líne 176: |
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|Cenneþes III great-grandson, Macbeoðnes steopsunu and cousin |
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|Cenneþes III great-grandson, Macbeoðnes steopsunu and cousin |
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|- |
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|- |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''The [[House of Dunkeld]]''' |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''Þæt [[Dunkeld Hūs]]''' |
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|- |
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| rowspan="6" | [[Melcolm III Scotta Cyning|Melcolm III]] |
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| rowspan="6" | [[Melcolm III Scotta Cyning|Melcolm III]] |
Líne 184: |
Líne 184: |
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|[[Harold II Engla Cyning|Harold Godwinson]] |
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|[[Harold II Engla Cyning|Harold Godwinson]] |
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|[[1066]] |
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|[[1066]] |
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|Ēadweard se Andettere's brother-in-law<ref>Sume secgað þe Harold wæs eac descended from Ælfredes broþor [[Æthelrǣd Westseaxes|Æthelrǣd]]</ref> |
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|Ēadweard se Andettere's brother-in-law<ref>Sume secgað þe Harold wæs eac descended from Ælfredes broþor [[Æthelrǣd Westseaxna Cyning|Æthelrǣd]]</ref> |
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|- |
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|- |
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|[[Ēadgar Æðeling|Ēadgar Æðeling]] |
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|[[Ēadgar Æðeling|Ēadgar Æðeling]] |
Líne 192: |
Líne 192: |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "#D8F8D8" align="center"|'''The [[Norman dynasty|Normans]]'''<br />After the [[Norman Conquest]] in 1066, numbering of kings (a French tradition never used by the English prior to that date) begins. |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "#D8F8D8" align="center"|'''The [[Norman dynasty|Normans]]'''<br />After the [[Norman Conquest]] in 1066, numbering of kings (a French tradition never used by the English prior to that date) begins. |
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|- |
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|- |
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|[[Willelm I Engla Cyning|Willelm se Gehīersumiend]] |
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|[[Willelm I Engla Cyning|Willelm Gehīersumiend]] |
|
|[[1066]]–[[1087]] |
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|[[1066]]–[[1087]] |
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|Distant descendant of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
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|Feorlen byre of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
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|- |
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|- |
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| rowspan="4" | [[Willelm II Engla Cyning|Willelm II, Rufus]] |
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| rowspan="4" | [[Willelm II Engla Cyning|Willelm II, Rufus]] |
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| rowspan="4" | [[1087]]–[[1100]] |
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| rowspan="4" | [[1087]]–[[1100]] |
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| rowspan="4" | Willelmes I sunu, descendant of Ælfrēd se Grēata |
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| rowspan="4" | Willelmes I sunu |
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|- |
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|- |
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|[[Dufenal III Scotta Cyning|Dufenal III]] |
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|[[Dufenal III Scotta Cyning|Dufenal III]] |
Líne 436: |
Líne 436: |
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|Oliver Cromwell's son |
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|Oliver Cromwell's son |
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|- |
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|- |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''The [[House of Stuart]]''' (restored) |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''Þæt [[Stīgweard Hūs]]''' (restored) |
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|- |
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|- |
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!width = "35%" style="text-align:left"|Nama |
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!width = "35%" style="text-align:left"|Nama |
Líne 466: |
Líne 466: |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "#ccccff" align="center"|'''Monarchs of Great Britain and Ireland'''<br />In 1707, the [[Act of Union 1707|Act of Union]] merged the [[Englarīce]] and the [[Scottarīce]] in [[Grēatbrytten Cynerīce]]. |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "#ccccff" align="center"|'''Monarchs of Great Britain and Ireland'''<br />In 1707, the [[Act of Union 1707|Act of Union]] merged the [[Englarīce]] and the [[Scottarīce]] in [[Grēatbrytten Cynerīce]]. |
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|- |
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|- |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''The [[House of Stuart]]''' (continued) |
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|colspan = "3" bgcolor = "F8F8D8" align="center"|'''The Þæt [[Stīgweard Hūs]]''' (continued) |
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|- |
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|- |
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!width = "35%" style="text-align:left"|Nama |
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!width = "35%" style="text-align:left"|Nama |
Þēos is getalu Brytiscra Þēodcyninga, that is, þā anwealdendas þā hadde rīċe on sume þāra missenlican cynerīcum þā habbaþ existed on, or incorporated, Brytenīeg, namalice:
Wealdendas
Succession to the many thrones often did not pass smoothly from parent to child; lack of heirs, civil wars, murders and invasions affected the inheritance in ways that a simple list does not show.
The relationships that formed the basis for claims to throne are noted where we know them, and the dates of reign indicated.
Engla Wealdendas
|
Scotta Wealdendas
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
Cerdicingas
|
Alpiningas
|
|
Cenneþ I
|
843–858
|
Formest cyning ofer Peohtum and Scottum
|
Dufenal I
|
858–862
|
Cenneðes I brōðor
|
Constantine I
|
862–877
|
Cenneþes I sunu
|
Ælfrēd Micela
|
871–899
|
Recognised as leader of all free Angelcynn under the Treaty of Wedmore, 878
|
Áed
|
877–878
|
Cenneþes I sunu
|
Eochaid
|
878–889
|
Áed's nephew Jointly with Giric ?
|
Giric
|
878–889
|
Áed's first cousin ?
|
Dufenal II
|
889–900
|
Constontines I sunu
|
Ēadweard se Ieldra
|
899–924
|
Ælfrēdes sunu
|
Constontinus II
|
900–943
|
Áedes sunu
|
Ælfweard
|
924
|
Ēadweardes sunu, Westseaxna cyning ane
|
Æþelstan
|
924–939
|
Ēadweardes sunu, ǣrest de facto cyning ofer eall Englalande.
|
Ēadmund I
|
939–946
|
Ēadweardes sunu
|
Mælcolm I
|
943–954
|
Dufenal II sunu
|
Ēadred
|
946–955
|
Ēadweardes sunu
|
Indulf
|
954–962
|
Constontines II sunu
|
Ēadwig
|
955–959
|
Ēadmundes sunu
|
Ēadgār
|
959–975
|
Ēadmundes sunu
|
Dub
|
962–966
|
Mælcolmes I sunu
|
Cuilén
|
966–971
|
Indulfes sunu
|
Cenneþ II
|
971–?
|
Mælcolmes I sunu
|
Ēadweard se Martyr
|
975–978
|
Ēadgares sunu
|
Amlaíb
|
?–977
|
Indulfes sunu
|
Cenneþ II
|
977–995
|
2nd reign
|
Æþelrǣd Unræd
|
978–1013 1014–1016
|
Ēadgares sunu
|
Constontinus III
|
995–997
|
Cuilénes sunu
|
Cenneþ III
|
997–1005
|
Dubes sunu
|
Mælcolm II
|
1005–1034
|
Cenneþes II sunu
|
Ēadmund Isernside
|
1016
|
Æthelrǣdes sunu
|
The Denisc Cyningas Both the Saxon and Danish royal houses claimed the English throne, 1013 to 1016. Denemearc and Englaland had the ilcan cyning fram 1016 to 1042.
|
Swegn Haroldson
|
1013–1014
|
|
Cnut Swegnson
|
1016–1035
|
Sweynes sunu
|
Dunecan I
|
1034–1040
|
Mælcolmes II suna sunu
|
Harold Harefoot
|
1035–1040
|
Cnutes sunu
|
Harðacnut
|
1040–1042
|
Canutes sunu
|
Macbeoðen
|
1040–1057
|
Cenneþes III granddaughter's husband
|
Cerdicingas
|
Ēadweard se Andettere
|
1042–1066
|
Æthelrǣdes sunu
|
Lulach
|
1057–1058
|
Cenneþes III great-grandson, Macbeoðnes steopsunu and cousin
|
Þæt Dunkeld Hūs
|
Melcolm III
|
1058–1093
|
Duncanes I sunu
|
Harold Godwinson
|
1066
|
Ēadweard se Andettere's brother-in-law[1]
|
Ēadgar Æðeling
|
1066
|
Grandson of Ēadmund Isernside
|
The Normans After the Norman Conquest in 1066, numbering of kings (a French tradition never used by the English prior to that date) begins.
|
Willelm Gehīersumiend
|
1066–1087
|
Feorlen byre of Ælfrēd se Grēata
|
Willelm II, Rufus
|
1087–1100
|
Willelmes I sunu
|
Dufenal III
|
1093–1094 1094–1097
|
Dunecanes I sunu
|
Dunecan II
|
1094
|
Mælcolmes III sunu
|
Ēadgar
|
1097–1107
|
Malcolmes III sunu
|
Heanrig I
|
1100–1135
|
Willelmes I sunu, descendant of Ælfrēd se Grēata
|
Alexander I
|
1107–1124
|
Malcolmes III son
|
Dauid I
|
1124–1153
|
Mælcolmes III sunu
|
Stepne
|
1135–1154
|
Willelmes I grandson
|
Melcolm IV
|
1153–1165
|
Dauides I grandson
|
The Angevins or Plantagenets The Royal House name changed to reflect Matilda's marriage to Geoffrey Plantagenet.
|
Matilda (Maud Caserin)
|
1141
|
Henry I's dōhtor, Ēadmund Isernsides great-great-granddaughter
|
Heanric II
|
1154–1189
|
Matildas sunu
|
Wilhelm I
|
1165–1214
|
Dauides I grandson
|
Ricard I, Lēoheart
|
1189–1199
|
Henrys II sunu
|
Engla and Īra Cyningas In 1199, Iohannes wæs ǣr Īra Hlāford, þan iefede he þone Engliscan cynedōm. Ðæreft was se nama "Īra Hlāford" be Engla Cyningas geboren oð 1542, ðan nām Heanrig VIII Cyning þā title "Īra Cyning".
|
Iohannes "Lackland"
|
1199–1216
|
Henrys II sunu
|
Alexander II
|
1214–1249
|
Wilhelmes I sunu
|
Heanric III
|
1216–1272
|
Iohannes sunu
|
Alexander III
|
1249–1286
|
Alexanderes II sunu
|
Ēadweard I "Langscancan"
|
1272–1307
|
Henrys III sunu
|
Margaret
|
1286-1290
|
Alexander III's granddaughter, never inaugurated
|
Þæt Balliol Hūs Þan Margaret forþferede in 1290 bād nān ierfa. Ēadweard I Engla Cyning forðæm ðe he wæs Scotlandes oferdryhten, dēmede betwuh clafungum be Robert Bruce, 5. Hlāford of Annandæl and Iohanes Balliol and fund þe Balliol wære se rihta ierfa.
|
Iohannes
|
1292–1296
|
Dauid I's great-great-great-grandson
|
Þæt Bruce Hūs When John Balliol rebelled, the Wars of Scottish Independence commenced, during which Robert se Bruce wearþ cyninge.
|
Roðbert I
|
1306–1329
|
David I's great-great-great-great-grandson
|
Ēadweard II
|
1307–1327
|
Ēadweardes I sunu
|
Ēadweard III
|
1327–1377
|
Ēadweardes II sunu
|
Dauid II
|
1329–1371
|
Robertes I sunu
|
The House of Balliol For a period of time, both Edward Balliol and Dauid II claimed the throne.
|
Ēadweard Balliol
|
1332–1336
|
Iohannes Ballioles sunu
|
Þæt Stīgweard Hūs Engaged to the Dauphin æt fif winteryld, Maria Stīgweard, Scotta Cwēn wæs ðȳ aræred in þǣm Frenciscan hired þær hiere naman wrāt man "Marie Stuart, Reine de l'Écosse," etc., þe man mōt setan 'Stewart' for Francna tungum. Ðan cwōm Marie eft on Scottum in 1560 aheald hie ðisne naman 'Stuart' and hiera ierfan æfterweard.
|
Roðbert II
|
1371–1390
|
Robert I's grandson
|
Richard II
|
1377–1399
|
Ēadweardes III grandson
|
Roðbert III
|
1390–1406
|
Robert II's son
|
Þæt Lonceaster Hūs Henry Bolingbroke deposed Richard II, and the Royal House name came to reflect Henry's father's title, Heretoga of Lonceastre.
|
Heanric IV
|
1399–1413
|
Edward III's grandson
|
Iacobus I
|
1406–1437
|
Robert III's son
|
Heanric V
|
1413–1422
|
Henry IV's son
|
Heanric VI
|
1422–1461 1470–1471
|
Heanrices V sunu
|
James II
|
1437–1460
|
James I's son
|
Iacobus III
|
1460–1488
|
Iacobes II sunu
|
The House of York The Houses of Lancaster and York had fought the Wars of the Roses, and the Yorkists took the throne.
|
Ēadwēard IV
|
1461–1470 1471–1483
|
Ēadweard III's great-great-grandson
|
Ēadweard V
|
1483
|
Ēadweardes IV sunu
|
Ricard III
|
1483–1485
|
Edward IV's brother
|
The House of Tudor The Lancastrian Heanric Tudor reclaimed the throne from the Yorkists.
|
Heanric VII
|
1485–1509
|
Ēadweardes III great-great-great-grandson
|
Iacobus IV
|
1488–1513
|
Iacobes III sunu
|
Heanric VIII
|
1509–1547
|
Henry VII's son, Edward IV's grandson
|
Iacobus V
|
1513–1542
|
Iacobes IV sunu
|
Mary I
|
1542–1567
|
Iacobes V dōhtor
|
Ēadweard VI
|
1547–1553
|
Henry VIII's son
|
Iane
|
1553
|
Heanrices VII great-granddaughter. Not generally noted as officially queen[2][3]
|
Maria I
|
1553–1558
|
Heanrice VIII dōhtor
|
Elisabeþ I
|
1558–1603
|
Heanrice VIII dōhtor
|
Iacobus I (Englaland) Iacobus VI (Scotland)
|
1603–1625
|
Marie I sunu
|
Engla, Scotta and Īra Wealdendas In 1603, James VI of Scotland inherited the English throne upon the death of Elizabeth I in what is known as the Union of the Crowns. From then until 1707, England, Scotland, and Ireland had shared monarchs.
|
Þæt Stīgweard Hūs
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
Iacobus I (Englaland) Iacobus VI (Scotland)
|
1603–1625
|
Marie Scotta Cwēne sunu; great-great-grandson of Henry VII of England; first to be styled "Grēatre Bryten Cyning" (1604)
|
Carl I
|
1625–1649
|
James VI & I's son
|
The Period of Interregnum, (Commonwealth and Protectorate) England had no king from 1649 to 1660, but the constitutional status of the government was never clear. For example, the Long Parliament, up until its dissolution on 20 April 1653, was commonly recognised as a Republic. It, however, styled itself as a Commonwealth. Following the dissolution of the Rump, a Nominated Assembly was formed. Not until Cromwell accepted the Instrument of Government on 15 December 1653 did the constitutional status of the regime change. From then on Oliver Cromwell was styled as Lord Protector, ruling through two Protectorate Parliaments. In 1659, Richard Cromwell abdicated, returning power to Parliament until the Stuart Restoration in 1660.
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
Oliver Cromwell
|
1653–1658
|
|
Ricard Cromwell
|
1658–1659
|
Oliver Cromwell's son
|
Þæt Stīgweard Hūs (restored)
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
Carl II
|
1660–1685 England 1649-1651 and 1660–1685 Scotland (1649–1685 de jure)
|
Carles I ieldsta sunu (crowned at Scone, in Scotland, 1651). He officially dated his reign from his father's death
|
Iacobus II (Englaland) Iacobus VII (Scotland)
|
1685–1689
|
Carles I giengra sunu
|
Maria II
|
1689–1694
|
Iacobes II ieldre dohtor Joint sovereign with her husband, William III, II and I
|
Willelm III (Englaland) Willelm II (Scotland)
|
1689–1702
|
Carles I grandson Jointly mid his wīfe, Maria II
|
Anne
|
1702–1707 (full reign: 1702–1714)
|
Iacobes II dōhtor
|
Monarchs of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland In 1922, the Irish Free State left the United Kingdom. The name of the Kingdom was amended in 1927 to reflect the change. Between 1927 and the passage of the Republic of Ireland Act in 1949 George V, Edward VIII, and George VI were also styled "King of Ireland".
|
The House of Windsor (continued)
|
Nama
|
Reign
|
Notes
|
George V
|
1927–1936 (full reign: 1910–1936)
|
Ēadweardes VII sunu
|
Ēadweard VIII
|
1936
|
Georges V sunu; he forscrah his rīce
|
Georgius VI
|
1936–1952
|
Ēadweard VIII brōðor (and Georges V sunu)
|
Elisabeþ II
|
6 Solmōnaþ 1952-
|
Georges VI dōhtor; hie is ēac cwēn ofer 15 other sovereign cynerīcum.
|
Glēsing
- ↑ Sume secgað þe Harold wæs eac descended from Ælfredes broþor Æthelrǣd
- ↑ Proclaimed Queen on 10 July 1553, but deposed by Maria I æfter 9 dagum.
- ↑ Lady Jane is commonly listed as House of Tudor, despite her surname not being Tudor
|