Scīr
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| Þis ȝeƿrit næfþ þā stafas Ȝ and Ƿ. |
Scīr is dǣl þæs lande, an landdāl oþþe in eleland an underrīċes undertōdāl.
Innungbred |
[ādihtan] Stær
In Bretene ƿǣron þa forman scīra ȝefundenon on Ƿestseaxum. Hīe ƿǣron dālas þæs rīċes for lēodƿearde and for dōme, ǣlċ under ānum ealdormenn and in æfterȝēarum ānum scirȝerefan. Þā fram þǣm lande ādrifon Ƿestseaxna cyningas þa Dene þā ƿyrhtede hie scīra in eallum Englarīċe. Ēac in þǣm ȝēarum ārærde Mælcolm II Cyning scīra on Scottum æfter þǣre Engliscan bisene and æftercyning David I āsprēadede þis endebyrd.
Ƿillelm I cyning and his Frencisc hired brōhtedon to Englarīce þæt ƿord counte oþþe in Nīƿum Englisce county sƿā sƿā hīe namedon eorlas count.
In Irlande and on Ƿealum ƿǣron scīra ȝeūpāræred be Engliscum ȝesetnese, oþþæt þe oft folgedon hie ieldre eardum.
Mǣst þāra Bryttiscan scīrena nimaþ hiere naman æfter hierum hēafodburgum: sƿā ȝebisnunga Eoferƿīcscīr æfter Eoferƿīce, Oxnafordscīr after Oxnaforde, ac sume scīra nimaþ hiere naman fram ieldrum stedum, sƿā ȝebisnunga Defenascir, Cent and Fif þā ƿǣron rīċu in ȝēardagum.
Ēac ofersǣ land þæs Bryttiscan Cyneƿises and þā Ȝeānlǣht Rīcu American habbaþ scīra æfter þara Bryttiscan bisene.
In Europan and ellesum sind stedas þā meaht man namian scīra.
[ādihtan] Scira in missenlicum landum
| Land | Gereorde | Anfeald | Mænigfeald | Getæl | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | Nīwe Englisc | county and shire | counties and shires | ||
| Canada | Nīwe Englisc and Frencisc | county/comté | |||
| Cecland | Bæmisc | kraj | kraje | 14 | |
| Estland | Estisc | maakond | maakonnad | 15 | |
| Finnland | Finnisc and Sweonisc | maakunta / landskap and lääni / län | maakunnat / landskap and lääni / län | 9 landskap, 6 län | |
| Geanlæhte Cynerice | Niwe Englisc | shire oððe county | shires oððe counties | ||
| Geanlæht Riciu American | Niwe Englisc | county | counties | 3,141 | |
| Horigtaland | Horigtisc | županija | županije | 20 | |
| Irland Cynewise | Niwe Englisc and Irisc | county / contae | counties / contaethe | 26[1] | |
| Iapan | Iapanisc | 郡(gun) | 郡(gun) | ||
| Lettland | Lettisc | rajons | rajoni | 26 | |
| Liberia | Niwe Englisc | county | counties | 15 | |
| Liþuania | Liþuanisc | apskritis | apskritys | 10 | |
| Niðerland | Niðerlandisc | graafschap | graafschappen | ||
| Norþweg | Norþwegisc | fylke | fylke/fylker | 19 | |
| Polaland | Polisc | powiat | powiaty | 314 (+ 65 "scir ceastre") | |
| Rumænia | Rumænisc | judeţ | judeţe | 41+1 | |
| Russland | Russisc | rayon (район) oððe okrug (округ) | rayoni (районы) oððe okruga (округа) | >1000 | |
| Suð Corea | Coreisc | 군(gun, 郡) | 군(gun, 郡) | 86[2] | |
| Sweoland | Swēonisc | landskap and län | landskap and län | 25 landskap, 21 län" | |
| Ungerland | Ungerisc | megye | megyék | 19/22/1 |
[ādihtan] Australia
Þa ēastern riciu Australie, and dælas Westernes Australie and Suþaustralie sind bedæleden in scirum (under þæm naman counties).
Þa scira sind underbedæled in tunscipum in Niwum Suþum Wealum, Uictorie, Tasmanie and Cwenalande oððe hundredum in Suþaustralie. Þa counties nabbaþ ne gerecbrūnung and hie sind ungecnawen on mæst þæm Australiacynn.
In Australisce landbocunge sind counties þæt forma landgemet.
Scira for stowelican gerecþegnunga in Australie sind under þæm naman shires, ēac mid municipalities.
[ādihtan] Canada
On Canade, sind tien underriciu bedæleden in scirum.
In Ontarioe and Niwum Scotlande sind þas scira stowelicu gerecþegnung earda, ac in Nīwum Brunswice, Quebece and Eadweard Æþeling Iega sind hie nu landgemet.
Mæst scira habbað þærin municipalities, ac sume sind ane miclu ceaster. In norþerne Ontarioe and norþerne Quebece, sind þas landdālas boldgetalu (districts) ne scira. In landum mid manigum burgum in suþerne middle Ontarioe sind nīwe regional municipalities for stowelicre gerecþegnunga, ne scira.
- In Saskatchewane, Manitobe, and Niwgefundenlande and Labradore sind bedælunga (divisions) ne scira.
- Alberta hæfþ missenlica earda. Sume sind scira (counties).
- Bryttisc Columbia hæfþ eahta scira for doman.
- Þæt Geokon Land is an boldgetæla.
- Þa Northwesterne Land and Nunavut sind in boldgetælan bedæleden.
[ādihtan] Geanlæhte Cynerice
- Hēafodgewrit: Scira þæs Geanlæhtan Cynerices
Þæt Geanlæhte Cynerice is bedælede in twa and nigontig eardfæstum scirum.
For stowlicre gerecþegnunga hæfþ þæt Cynerice mænigfealde sōcna mid missenlicum namum. Stowlice gerecþegnung scira in Englalande sindon ceasterniscan scira and unceasterniscan scira, and on Norþwealum sind "scira" and "scirburgscipas". (Beforan 1975 wæron administrative counties (gerecþegnung scira) and scirburgscipu þa wæron gearærde in 1889.) Būton in Bearrucscire, ælcu unceasterniscu scira on Englum hæfþ scirgeþinge. Þa mæra scira and eall ceasterniscan scira sind gedæled in boldgetalum, ælc boldgetæl mid his agan geþinge.
In Norþerne Irlande wæron þa siexe scirgeþingu and scirburgescipgeþingu geended in 1973 and in hiere stedum sind 26 stowlicu gerecþegnung boldgetalu. Þa siexe eardfæstan scira abidað in gemænelicum nytte for mænigefealdum wisum.
In 1889 (Englalande and Wealum), 1890 (Scotland) and 1899 (Irland) wæron þa forman scirgeþingas geuparæred; hiere scira (oððe "gerec scira") folgeden þa eardfæstan scira. Endniwung in 1965 and 1974-1976 awendedon þa gerecþegnung carte icle; hie scopon niwa scira oft felaungelic þa eardfæstan scira on Englum and Wealum, and micla regia on Scottum buton scirum. Æfterbetung in 1992-1996 awendedon þa gerecþegnung carte edniwe.
[ādihtan] Irland Cynewise
Irland Iege is bedæled in 32 scira, hwærof 26 sind Irland-cynewise and 6 sind Norþerne Irland.
Þas scira sind be ealdgesegene gesamned in feower underriciu - Leinster (tweolf scira), Munster (siexe scira) Connaught (fif scira) and Uladstir (þrie scir, ac siexe Uladstires scira sind Norðern Irland). Ælce scir hæfþ "scir geþinge". Þa underriciu nabbað ne onweald.
Þæt getæl and þa mæru þara gerec scirena þære Iriscan Cynewise wæron onwended fram 1990. Difelinscir wæs gebrocen in þrim: Dun Laoghaire-Rathdown, Fingal, and Suþ Difelin - Difelin-ceaster wæs geo scirburgscipe. Ēac sōþlic is gerec-"Tipperary Scir" gedælede in twæm gerecþegnungum scirum, þa hatað Norþ Tipperary and Suþ Tipperary. Þa miclu ceasterniscan stedas, Cork, Galway, Limerice, and Weðerford sind scirburgscipas, bedæled fram hierum scirum. Forþæm hæfþ seo Cynewise feower and þeortig scirhad geþingu.
Naþylæs, þa siexe and tweontig scira and hiere landgemæro wuniað be æwe [1]. Þas scira and underriciu abidað in gemænige bryce, and scirfæstnes is geforþgestranged be stowlice holdscipe and plegne.
[ādihtan] Cina
Man broceð þæt word "scir" to awendenne þæt Cinisc word xiàn. In þære Folclican Cynewīsum Cīnum, scira sind þæt stowlic gerecþgnung þing under þæm ealdormanndome, se is under þæm underrice.
In þara landum þara Hanwara (oþþe "ealdum Cinan") sind 2,000 scira, þas habbaþ abiden siððan þa Han Caserecynn (206 BC - AD 220). Seo scir is an þara ieldestan onwealda in Cinan; þa underriciu wæron be þæm Yuan Caserecynn (1279 - 1368) uparæred. Seo scir wæs hēahþegnung in caserelicum Cinan forþæm wæs hit se stowlicosta onweald þæs caserelican wealdes, under an scirgerefan.
[ādihtan] Geānlǣht Rīcu American
- Hēafodgewrit: Scīr (Geānlǣht Rīcu)
Þa scira sind in 48 þara 50 rice þæs Geānlǣhtan Rīca American landsceap oððe gerecþegnung dāl fæst under þæm rice, and ofer þæm burgscipe oþþe tunscipe.
Louisiana hæfþ þing gelic scira ac hiere nama is parish (tunsocn). Alaska is bedæled in burgscipum.
In twæm ricum and dæl þridde hæfþ gesetnes beended scir gerecþegnung, and seo scir is āngilde landsceap.
[ādihtan] Liberia
Liberia hæfþ 15 scira. Ælcu cieseþ twegen ealdor to þæm Liberisc Senate.
[ādihtan] Liþuania
Apskritis is þæt Liþuanisc word for scir. Siþþan 1994 hæfþ Liþuania 10 scira (beforan 1950 wæron 20). Þære scire ānglide þegnung is scirgerefscipe. Se scirgerefa is weard æ and gereces in þæm scire.
[ādihtan] Swēoland and Finnland
Sweoland hæfþ to cynn dæla; þæt landskap and þæt län. In þæm Niwan Engliscan gereorde is hit geþeawe to awendienne landskap (se is on Englisce "landsceap") swa province and län" swa county (se is scir) oððæt ðe län" is neor "híernes" oððe "scipfylleþ". Finnland wæs dæl Sweorices oððæt 1815 and hæfþ þa ilcan landmet, ac from 1634 to 1997
Þa landskap sindon eardfæst. Sweoland hæfþ 25 landskap. Hie nabbaþ ne gerecþegnung bruc. Þa landskap sind in gemænige bryce, and sind þa landsceap hwærto Sweonas habbaþ stowlicum holdscipe.
Þa län wæron uparæsed in 1634 in Sweolande and Finnlande. Sweoland hæfþ nu 21 län, ælc mid ealdormann and geþinge. In Finnlande wæron 12 lääni ac siððan 1997. 6 lääni (and siððan þæm geare Finnas awendað lään oððe län on Niwe Englisce swa "region", se is "regio").
[ādihtan] References
- ↑ In þæm Iriscan Cynewise sind 26 scīra. In Norþerne Irlande sind ēac 6 scīra. Manige Īre willen secgan þe Irland hæfð 32 scīra, seo Cynewise and Norðerne Irland ætgadre.
- ↑ e-나라지표 http://www.index.go.kr/gams/default.jsp (Kor)
