Hēafodstōl
On wealdscipe hēafodstōl (ēac gehāten hēafodburg) is sēo hēafodlice burg oþþe tūn gesibb hire wealde. Hēo is nēan ā sēo burg þe līchāmlīce befēhþ þæt setlærn and þæt gemōtærn þæs setles wealdes and is geseted be lage.
Þā setlu wealdes on mægenum underrīciscum dōmum sind gewunelīce hēafodstōlas gehāten, ac æfter læssum wealdendum underdǣlum, word swelce fylces tūn, fylces setl, oþþe byrig setl sind ēac gebrocen.
Þǣr sind maniga gelimpunga þǣr rīcu oþþe ōðre ānstandendas habbaþ manige hēafodstōlas. On Sūþaffrican, tō bȳsne, se wealdenda hēafodstōl is Pretoria, se lagsettenda hēafodstōl is Næsstūn, and se dēmenda hēafodstōl is Blōtsmanwelle, þe is þæt gelimp þæs gesēmes þætte gesciepede þæt Gæd Sūþaffrican on 1910.
In ōðerum landum, se "wyrcenda" and "geseteda" hēafodstōl mæg wesan gesundrod for wyrcendlicum intingum, wrycende gelimpunge þǣre þe burg is gecūþ tō "þǣm hēafodstōle" þe nis sōþlīce healdend þæs setles wealdes:
- Yamoussoukro wæs geseted tō rīciscum hēafodstōle of Elpendbānrīman in 1983, ac æfter 2004 wæs þæt grēatoste dǣl wealdes setlærna and ǣrendstaðola gīet licgende in Abidjane
- Sucre is gīet se gesetednesslica hēafodstōl Bolifie, ac þæt mǣste dǣl þæs rīciscan wealdes hæfþ lang forlǣten þone landscipe for La Paz
- Amsterdam is se nemneda rīcisca hēafodstōl þāre Niðerlanda þēah þæt Niðerlendisce welad, hēafod rīces and hīehst dōmærn licgaþ on þǣm Hague.
On swelcum gelimpungum is sēo burg þe hielt þone wealdenda hēafodstō gewunelīc understanden wesan se "rīcisca hēafodstō" ongemang elemanna. Tō bȳsne, Santiago is understanden wesan se hēafodstōl of Cilab þēah hire Gemōt is in Falparegse.
Tō hēafodlicum stede wealdes þæs landscipes oþþe rīces, se hēafodstōl gecyndelīce atihteþ þā wealdsciplīce geānmētedum and him þāra cræftas sind þorftene tō welwyrcendum wealde swelce ǣswutolas, tīdingwrīteras, and folclices rǣdes cneordlǣcendas. Ieldre hēafodstōlas habbaþ ēac oft grōwen on fornytte wealdsciplice, līfwīsisce, oþþe andgietfule stōlas. Swelc is hūru sēo gelimpung Parises on Franclande and Buenos Airese Argentinan ongemang rīciscra hēafodstōla, and Irkutskes oþþe Saltlagburge on Utā on heora landscipum. Nāþȳslæs swelc hālgung mæg wesan wiðerwinnende. Sēo settung of Brasilie in Brasiles inlande wæs gedōn be dǣl tō ēowienne þæs gewealdes gesundrodnesse fram þǣm crodenan and gewemedan ealdan hēafodstōle Rio de Janeiro. Þæt geweald Sūþcorēan gehēt on 2004 þæt hit wege his hēafodstōl fram Seoule tō Geongi-Gongtscu — þēah þe þæt word "Seoul" self mǣnþ "hēafodstōl" in þǣre Corēiscan sprǣce.
Sēo gæderung wealdlices and feohhweorfunglices oþþe līfweglices dōmes nis nānum wīsum woruldwīde. Þēawlice hēafodstōlas magon feohhweorfunglīce aþēostrian fram bifylclicum ofersteallum, swā swā hit gelamp mid Thēbane, þe aþēostrode fram Alexandrie, Nantscing fram Scanghai, oþþe Edinburg fram Glasgowe. Þæt geafeall cynecynnes oþþe līfweges cūðe ēacswā wyrcean þone dēaþ his hēafodstōles, swā swā hit gelamp be Bablōnie and Cahocie. Ēac wǣron manige nīwlice hēafodstōlas, swelce Abuja and Ottawa, rǣdlīce geseted onweg fram feohhweorfunglicum stōwum and nabbaþ gīet weaxen grēate tō nīwum feohhweorfunglicum burgum.
[ādihtan] Hēafodstōlas swā tācnu
Andefen þǣra ēacnunge nīwlicra cāserrīca and geþēodrīca, hēafodstōlas habbaþ worden tācn for heora rīcum heora gewealdu,, and gesetede be gewealdlicum andgiete. Ungelīce midealdum ceastrum, þe wǣron geset ǣghwǣr wealda hēold his gemōt, is sēo cēosung, edsettung, staðoling, oþþe se onfeng nīwlices hēafodstōkes carful gelimpung. Tō bȳsne:
- Forworht and nēahlīce unwunod Ahten wæs andwended on hēafodstōl nīwan ānstandendes Crēclandes for þǣm hopan tō acwicienne þone þrym gēara;
- Petrus I Russlandes beweged his weald tō Sanct Pertus Burg tō giefenne þǣm Russiscan Cāserrīce Westerna gelīcnessa, þā hwīle þe Kemal Atatürk dyde gelīce þǣre ēastweardan wegunge tō Ancyre, onweg fram Ottomaniscre Constantinopolis;
- Sēo cēosung oþþe staðolung "unsīdre" burge, burg unbehlæst mid landscipiscum oþþe wealdscipiscum andwlitan, apeliende þā ānnesse nīwes rīces, swā swā Madrid on Spēnum, Ottawa in Canade, and Canberra in Australie among others;
- Under þǣre Americaniscan Ingefeohte, formicel feoh wæs gebrocen tō werienne Wæscingtūn fram þǣre Geþoftedra Rīca American infare þēah þe þæt lytele geþoftscipes geweard mōste mann swā gedōn bemetendlīce and ēaðe on þǣre ielde līnrōda and þæs feorwrīteres.
[ādihtan] Getala heafodburga
- Getæl rīciscra hēafodstōla:
- æfter namum
- æfter landum (ēac mid þǣre mǣstan burge)
- æfter worulddǣlum and landum
- Getæl stǣrlicra rīciscra hēafodstōla
- Getæl hēafodstōla underrīciscra ānstandenda
- Getæl rīca mid manugum hēafodstōlum
